Section 247 — Qualification and disqualification of auditors

(1) A person
shall not be qualified for appointment as an auditor—

(a) in the case of a public company or a private company which is
subsidiary of a public company or a private company having paid
up capital of three million rupees or more unless such person is a
chartered accountant having valid certificate of practice from the
Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan or a firm of chartered
accountants; and

(b) in the case of a company other than specified in clause (a), unless
such person, is a chartered accountant or cost and management
accountant having valid certificate of practice from the respective
institute or a firm of chartered accountants or cost and management
accountants, having such criteria as may be specified:

Provided that for the purpose of clause (a) and (b), a firm
whereof majority of practicing partners are qualified for
appointment shall be appointed by its firm name to be auditors of
the company.

(2) Where a partnership firm is appointed as auditor of a company, only
the partners who meet the qualification requirements as provided in sub-section (1),
shall be authorized to act and sign on behalf of the firm.
(3) None of the following persons shall be appointed as auditor of a
company, namely—
(a) a person who is, or at any time during the preceding three years was,
a director, other officer or employee of the company;

(b) a person who is a partner of, or in the employment of, a director,
officer or employee of the company;

(c) the spouse of a director of the company;

(d) a person who is indebted to the company other than in the ordinary
course of business of such entities;

(e) a person who has given a guarantee or provided any security in
connection with the indebtedness of any third person to the company
other than in the ordinary course of business of such entities;

(f) a person or a firm who, whether directly or indirectly, has business
relationship with the company other than in the ordinary course of
business of such entities;

(g) a person who has been convicted by a court of an offence involving
fraud and a period of ten years has not elapsed from the date of such
conviction;

(h) a body corporate;

(i) a person who is not eligible to act as auditor under the code of ethics
as adopted by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Pakistan and
the Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Pakistan; and

(j) a person or his spouse or minor children, or in case of a firm, all
partners of such firm who hold any shares of an audit client or any
of its associated companies:

Provided that if such a person holds shares prior to his
appointment as auditor, whether as an individual or a partner in a
firm the fact shall be disclosed on his appointment as auditor and
such person shall disinvest such shares within ninety days of suc h
appointment.
Explanation.—Reference in this section to an “ officer” or “ employee”
shall be construed as not including reference to an auditor.
(4) For the purposes of clause (d) of sub -section ( 3) a person who
owes—

(a) a sum of money not exceeding one million rupees to a credit card
issuer; or

(b) a sum to a utility company in the form of unpaid dues for a period
not exceeding ninety days;

shall not be deemed to be indebted to the company.
(5) A person shall also not be qualified for appointment as aud itor of a
company if he is, by virtue of the provisions of sub -section (3), disqualified for
appointment as auditor of any other company which is that company’s subsidiary
or holding company or a subsidiary of that holding company.
(6) If, after his appo intment, an auditor becomes subject to any of the
disqualifications specified in this section, he shall be deemed to have vacated his
office as auditor with effect from the date on which he becomes so disqualified.
(7) A person who, not being qualified to be an auditor of a company, or
being or having become subject to any disqualification to act as such, acts as auditor
of a company shall be liable to a penalty of level 2 on the standard scale.
(8) The appointment as auditor of a company of an unqualified person,
or of a person who is subject to any disqualifications to act as such, shall be void,
and, where such an appointment is made by a company, the Commission may
appoint a qualified person in place of the auditor appointed by the company.

RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF AUDITOR